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There are some expensive, specialty products out there targeted specifically to law enforcement; Google police "case management".

If you want something that could simulate that big whiteboard, you might want to take a look at MindManager Pro: http://www.mindjet.com/. I've used it for several years as a brainstorming and "thought organization" tool. It's pretty darned flexible, and includes the ability to export your mind map to MS Office products if you need to distribute the output to others.