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5. At the time the United States Constitution was ratified on June 21,
1788, the sole and sovereign power to regulate the state business and affairs rested in the state legislature and has always been a compelling state
concern and central to state sovereignty. Accordingly, the public meaning and understanding of Article I, section 8, the "establishment clause" of the
First Amendment and the Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, is a matter of compact between this state and the United States as of the time
Arizona was admitted to statehood in 1912. Further, the power to regulate commerce among the several states as delegated to the Congress in Article I,
section 8, clause 3, United States Constitution, as understood at the time of the founding, was meant to empower Congress to regulate the buying and selling of products made by others, and sometimes land, associated finance
and financial instruments and navigation and other carriage across state jurisdictional lines. This power to regulate commerce does not include
agriculture, manufacturing, mining, major crimes or land use, and does not include activities that merely substantially affect commerce.